The navy is one of the elements of the Roman military machine that is often overlooked. Nevertheless, these fleets of warships played a pivotal role in winning battles and securing victories, being a powerful weapon the emperor could unleash upon his enemies.

Theme: Securing Seas and Shores: Fleets of the Roman Empire'

• Courtney Foster, 'Introduction to the theme'
• Michael J. Taylor, 'A voice from Egypt. The archive of Terentianus'
• Raffaele D'Amato, 'An officer of the liburna Armata. The tombstone of Montanus'
• Jasper Oorthuys, 'Marines and mariners: deciphering the structure of the fleets'
• Mihail Zahariade, 'Workhorses of the Imperial navy. The Roman provincial fleets'
• Paul McDonnell-Staff, 'The winds of fate. The battle of Actium'
• Jesse Obert, 'Classis mea...my fleet. The personal relationship between an emperor and his fleet'

Features

• Murray Dahm, 'Don't lose your head! Head wounds, healing and helmets'
• Allan Smith IV, 'The anatomy of battle. Testing Polybius' formations.'
• Duncan B. Campbell, 'The debate: Death in Babylon'