For almost 200 years, successive generations of Roman generals and armies attempted to subjugate the Iberian Peninsula through military force. Many bloody wars and battles were waged before it was eventually conquered by Agrippa in 19 BC.

Theme: The Roman conquest of Spain 218 BC - 24 BC.

• Jasper Oorthuys, Introduction to the theme
• Jona Lendering, 'A view from the periphery. Appian of Alexandria'
• Ed Healy, 'The General: Viriathus'
• Duncan B. Campbell, 'The siege of Numantia. How Scipio Aemilianus conquered the bravest of all cities'
• Xavi Rubio, 'The battle of Emporion: Cato's Triumph'
• Kim Stubbs, 'The battle of Ilipa. Scipio's rise begins'

Features

• Patryk Skupniewicz, 'The Warrior: Sasanian heavy cavalry'
• Be a General, 'Xenophon's Cavalry Commander'